2019-04-15 Elizabeth Warren.My plan for public lands

2019-04-15 Elizabeth Warren.My plan for public lands


Bruce and I love to hike. We’ve been all over, from Bryce Canyon in Utah to Alaska to the Cape Cod National Seashore in our backyard. America’s public lands are one of our greatest treasures. They provide us with clean air and water, sustain our fish and wildlife, and offer a place where millions of Americans go every year to experience the beauty of our natural environment. At 25% of America’s total land, they are also an irreplaceable resource.
布鲁斯和我喜欢徒步旅行。我们去过很多地方，从犹他州的布莱斯峡谷到阿拉斯加，再到我们后院的科德角国家海岸。美国的公共土地是我们最伟大的财富之一。它们为我们提供清洁的空气和水，维持我们的鱼类和野生动物，并为数百万美国人每年提供一个体验自然环境之美的地方。占美国总土地的 25%，它们也是不可替代的资源。

But today, those lands are under threat. The Trump administration is busy selling off our public lands to the oil, gas and coal industries for pennies on the dollar — expanding fossil fuel extraction that destroys pristine sites across the country while pouring an accelerant on our climate crisis.
但今天，这些土地正面临威胁。特朗普政府正忙于以极低的价格将我们的公共土地出售给石油、天然气和煤炭行业——扩大化石燃料的开采，破坏全国各地的原始地点，同时加剧我们的气候危机。

It doesn’t have to be this way. We must not allow corporations to pillage our public lands and leave taxpayers to clean up the mess. All of us — local communities and tribes, hunters and anglers, ranchers and weekend backpackers — must work together to manage and protect our shared heritage. That’s why today I’m rolling out my plan to protect our public lands and preserve wild, natural places for future generations.
不必如此。我们不能允许企业掠夺我们的公共土地，让纳税人来收拾残局。我们所有人——当地社区和部落、猎人和垂钓者、牧场主和周末背包客——必须共同努力管理和保护我们共同的遗产。这就是为什么今天我推出了我的计划，以保护我们的公共土地并为子孙后代保留野生自然的地方。

Making our public lands part of the climate solution — not the problem.
让我们的公共土地成为气候解决方案的一部分，而不是问题。

Any serious effort to address climate change must include public lands — fossil fuel extraction in these areas is responsible for nearly a quarter of all U.S. greenhouse gas emissions. The Trump administration, with its casual denial of science and apparent amnesia about massive crises like the BP oil spill, has also proposed opening nearly the entire U.S. coastline to seismic testing and offshore drilling.
任何认真应对气候变化的努力都必须包括公共土地——这些地区的化石燃料开采占美国温室气体排放量的近四分之一。特朗普政府随意否认科学，并对 BP 漏油等重大危机表现出明显的健忘症，还提议开放几乎整个美国海岸线进行地震测试和海上钻探。

It is wrong to prioritize corporate profits over the health and safety of our local communities. That’s why on my first day as president, I will sign an executive order that says no more drilling — a total moratorium on all new fossil fuel leases, including for drilling offshore and on public lands. I’d also reinstate the methane pollution rule to limit existing oil and gas projects from releasing harmful gases that poison our air, and reinstitute the clean water rule to protect our lakes, rivers, and streams, and the drinking water they provide.
优先考虑企业利润而不是我们当地社区的健康和安全是错误的。这就是为什么在我担任总统的第一天，我将签署一项行政命令，宣布不再进行钻探——全面暂停所有新的化石燃料租赁，包括海上和公共土地上的钻探。 我还将恢复甲烷污染规则，以限制现有的石油和天然气项目释放有毒气体，并恢复清洁水规则，以保护我们的湖泊、河流和溪流，以及它们提供的饮用水。

And it’s not enough to end our public lands’ contribution to climate change. We have an enormous opportunity to make them a part of the climate solution, and for both economic and environmental reasons, we should take it. A decade ago, there were zero major solar power projects on public lands. Today, the Bureau of Land Management has approved 11,000 megawatts of renewable wind, solar, and geothermal projects — enough to power millions of American homes. It’s a significant proof-of-concept. But to make a real dent in the problem, we’re going to need a whole lot more.
仅仅停止公共土地对气候变化的贡献是不够的。我们有一个巨大的机会让它们成为气候解决方案的一部分，出于经济和环境的原因，我们应该抓住这个机会。十年前，公共土地上没有大型太阳能项目。如今，土地管理局已经批准了 11,000 兆瓦的可再生风能、太阳能和地热项目——足以为数百万美国家庭供电。这是一个重要的概念验证。但要真正解决问题，我们需要更多。

As President, I will set a goal of providing 10% of our overall electricity generation from renewable sources offshore or on public lands. That’s nearly ten times what we are currently generating. We can achieve this goal while prioritizing sites with low impact on local ecology but high potential for renewable energy generation. My administration will make it a priority to expedite leases and incentivize development in existing designated areas, and share royalties from renewable generation with states and local communities to help promote economic development and reduce local dependence on fossil fuel revenues.
作为总统，我将设定一个目标，即从海上或公共土地上的可再生能源中提供我们总发电量的 10%。这几乎是我们目前发电量的十倍。我们可以在优先考虑对当地生态影响较小但可再生能源发电潜力较高的地点的同时实现这一目标。我的政府将优先加快现有指定区域的租赁和激励开发，并与各州和地方社区分享可再生能源发电的特许权使用费，以帮助促进经济发展并减少对化石燃料收入的地方依赖。

Keeping our public lands in public hands, and maintaining and preserving existing lands.
让我们的公共土地掌握在公众手中，维护和保护现有土地。

With one stroke of his pen, President Trump shrunk our protected lands by more than two million acres in 2017 — the single biggest rollback of protected lands in U.S. history. His move opens up Bears Ears and Grand Staircase-Escalante national monuments in Utah for mining and drilling, which will cause irreversible damage. These lands are part of our national fabric, sacred to tribes and beloved by American families. As president, I will use my authorities under the Antiquities Act to restore protections to both monuments and any other national monuments targeted by this Administration.
2017 年，特朗普总统一笔签字就将我们的保护土地缩减了超过两百万英亩，这是美国历史上对保护土地的最大一次回撤。他的举动使得犹他州的熊耳和大阶梯-埃斯卡兰特国家纪念碑开放给采矿和钻探，这将造成不可逆转的损害。这些土地是我们国家的一部分，对部落来说是神圣的，并且受到美国家庭的喜爱。作为总统，我将利用《古迹法》赋予我的权力恢复对这两个纪念碑以及本届政府针对的任何其他国家纪念碑的保护。

I’m strongly opposed to the sale or transfer of our national forests, wildlife refuges, and other national public lands. Our public lands should stay public, so that they can be enjoyed by all of us. Congress created a bipartisan program called the Land and Water Conservation Fund for exactly this purpose. But unfortunately, Congress has not kept its promise — and year after year, money that was intended for conservation is diverted for other purposes. This is a raw deal, and we need to fix it. It’s time to make Land and Water Conservation Fund spending mandatory to ensure that we continue to preserve and enhance public lands for conservation and recreation. That’s the way we honor our commitment to conservation and ensure our children and grandchildren can experience the great outdoors.
我强烈反对出售或转让我们的国家森林、野生动物保护区和其他国家公共土地。我们的公共土地应该保持公共，以便我们所有人都能享受。国会为此目的创建了一个名为土地和水资源保护基金的两党计划。但不幸的是，国会没有履行其承诺——年复一年，本应用于保护的钱被挪用于其他目的。这是不公平的交易，我们需要解决这个问题。现在是时候让土地和水资源保护基金的支出成为强制性，以确保我们继续保护和增强公共土地以用于保护和娱乐。这就是我们履行保护承诺的方式，并确保我们的子孙后代能够体验伟大的户外活动。

We also have a responsibility to care for the lands in our possession — but for too long we haven’t funded our public land management agencies accordingly. Today our national parks alone face a bill of over $11 billion in deferred maintenance. The result? Crumbling roads and bridges, leaking roofs, and unmaintained trails now closed to hikers. It’s not just an embarrassment. It’s also poor stewardship of a hugely valuable economic resource. So let’s fix it. As president, I will fully fund our public land management agencies and eliminate the infrastructure and maintenance backlog on our public lands in my first term.
我们也有责任照顾我们拥有的土地——但长期以来，我们没有相应地为我们的公共土地管理机构提供资金。如今，仅我们的国家公园就面临超过$110亿的延期维护账单。结果呢？崩溃的道路和桥梁、漏水的屋顶以及关闭给徒步旅行者的未维护小径。这不仅仅是尴尬。这也是对一个极其有价值的经济资源的糟糕管理。所以让我们来解决它。作为总统，我将在我的第一个任期内为我们的公共土地管理机构提供充足的资金，并消除我们公共土地上的基础设施和维护积压问题。
Warning
哪里来的钱？
Money alone won’t solve the problem — it will take hard work. In the 1930s, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt proposed the Civilian Conservation Corps, a public work relief program that put those unemployed during the Great Depression to work maintaining federal lands. We must embrace a modern version of this model, and I was proud to support a recent update to the program to allow for public-private partnerships with existing conservation and service organizations. But given the magnitude of the challenge, now we need to turbocharge it. I will recruit 10,000 young people and veterans to jumpstart a 21st Century Civilian Conservation Corps — and increase the budget of AmeriCorps’ one-year fellowship program to fund it. This will create job opportunities for thousands of young Americans caring for our natural resources and public lands, deepening their lifelong relationship with the great outdoors.
仅靠金钱无法解决问题——这需要努力工作。在 20 世纪 30 年代，富兰克林·德拉诺·罗斯福总统提出了平民保护团，这是一个公共工作救济计划，让在大萧条期间失业的人们从事维护联邦土地的工作。我们必须接受这一模式的现代版本，我很自豪地支持最近对该计划的更新，以允许与现有的保护和服务组织进行公私合作。但鉴于挑战的规模，现在我们需要加速推进。我将招募 1 万名年轻人和退伍军人启动 21 世纪平民保护团——并增加 AmeriCorps 一年期奖学金计划的预算以资助它。这将为成千上万的年轻美国人创造工作机会，让他们照顾我们的自然资源和公共土地，加深他们与伟大户外的终生关系。
Warning
自愿劳动，还是被迫劳动？
Creating universal access to public lands to respect every American’s birthright and to grow the size of our outdoor economy.
创造全民进入公共土地的机会，以尊重每个美国人的与生俱来的权利，并扩大我们的户外经济规模。

National parks have been called “America’s best idea” because they embody a democratic ideal: Our most breathtaking places are protected and accessible to all, not just the wealthy or privileged. And while there were more than 318 million visits to our national parks last year, these places are still out of reach for scores of low-income families. There’s no better illustration of how backwards our public lands strategy is than the fact that today, we hand over drilling rights to fossil fuel companies for practically no money at all — and then turn around and charge families who make the minimum wage more than a day’s pay to access our parks. The National Park Service is funded by taxpayers, and it’s long past time to make entry into our parks free to ensure that visiting our nation’s treasures is within reach for every American family.
国家公园被称为“美国最好的创意”，因为它们体现了一种民主理想：我们最令人叹为观止的地方受到保护并对所有人开放，而不仅仅是富人或特权阶层。尽管去年我们国家公园的访问量超过了 318 百万次，但这些地方对于许多低收入家庭来说仍然遥不可及。没有比这更能说明我们公共土地战略倒退的例子了：今天，我们几乎不花钱就将钻探权交给化石燃料公司——然后转过身来向最低工资家庭收取超过一天工资的费用以进入我们的公园。国家公园管理局由纳税人资助，早就该让进入我们的公园免费，以确保每个美国家庭都能参观我们国家的珍宝。

Increasing access to our national parks and public lands is not just the right thing to do; it will also strengthen our economy. Americans are spending more time outdoors than ever before, and public lands are huge economic engines for local communities, drawing in travel and tourism dollars. Outdoor recreation accounts for $887 billion in consumer spending each year and creates 7.6 million sustainable jobs that can’t be exported overseas. Communities with accessible outdoor recreation opportunities have a competitive economic advantage, but a patchwork of ownership and access rights means that as many as 10 million acres in the West are not accessible to hunters, anglers, and other outdoor enthusiasts. It’s time for us to open more public lands to responsible recreation — and prioritize accessibility for all Americans to enjoy the great outdoors. I commit to unlocking 50% of these inaccessible acres, to grow our outdoor economy, help ease the burden on our most popular lands, and to provide a financial boost across rural America.
增加对国家公园和公共土地的访问不仅是正确的事情；它还将加强我们的经济。美国人比以往任何时候都花更多时间在户外，而公共土地是当地社区的重要经济引擎，吸引旅游和观光消费。户外娱乐每年占消费者支出 8870 亿美元，并创造 760 万个无法外包的可持续工作岗位。拥有可及户外娱乐机会的社区具有竞争经济优势，但所有权和访问权的拼凑意味着西部多达 1000 万英亩的土地对猎人、垂钓者和其他户外爱好者不可及。是时候让我们开放更多的公共土地用于负责任的娱乐活动，并优先考虑所有美国人享受户外活动的可及性。我承诺解锁这些不可及土地的 50%，以发展我们的户外经济，帮助缓解我们最受欢迎土地的负担，并为整个美国农村提供经济支持。

Ensuring that everyone with a stake has a voice in decisions about the management of our public lands.
确保所有利益相关者在关于我们公共土地管理的决策中都有发言权。

Public lands in public hands doesn’t mean the federal government should ignore the interests of local stakeholders. Too often, local actors feel cut out of decisions that implicate federal lands adjacent to their communities, whether that’s where to site an energy project or how to better conserve wildlife habitat. In addition, Tribal Nations have deep connections to land now controlled by the federal government, but are often denied access and consultation about its use.
公共土地归公众所有”并不意味着联邦政府可以忽视当地利益相关者的关切。太多时候，当地参与者在涉及其社区附近联邦土地的决策中感到被排除在外，无论是能源项目的选址，还是如何更好地保护野生动物栖息地。此外，部落民族与目前由联邦政府控制的土地有着深厚的联系，但在这些土地的使用上，往往被拒绝接触和咨询的机会。

I believe it is possible to protect our public lands and still respect communities. It’s time for the Department of Interior to meaningfully incorporate the role of state, local, and tribal stakeholders in the management of public lands. The administration of public lands should incorporate tribes’ traditional ecological knowledge, making provisions for tribal culture and customs on public lands, and exploring co-management and the return of resources to indigenous protection wherever possible. And the hard work of balancing economic, recreation, and ecological concerns will be improved by meaningful consultation with all state and local stakeholders as decisions are made about the land.
我相信，在保护公共土地的同时尊重社区是可能的。是时候让内政部真正融入州、地方和部落利益相关者的角色，共同管理公共土地了。公共土地的管理应该结合部落的传统生态知识，为部落文化和习俗在公共土地上的延续做出安排，并尽可能探索共管模式以及将资源归还给原住民保护的途径。通过在土地决策过程中与各州和地方利益相关者进行有意义的磋商，可以更好地平衡经济、娱乐和生态需求之间的关系。

America’s public lands belong to all of us. We should start acting like it — expanding access, ending fossil fuel extraction, leveraging them as part of the climate solution, and preserving and improving them for our children and grandchildren. Together, we can manage and protect our public lands for generations to come.
美国的公共土地属于我们所有人。我们应该以这种态度行动起来——扩大公共土地的使用机会，终止化石燃料的开采，将其作为应对气候变化的解决方案的一部分，并为我们的子孙后代保护和改善这些土地。让我们共同努力，管理并保护我们的公共土地，为子孙后代造福。
Warning
以身作则，自己先去山里找个洞住进去，远离所有的化石燃料。

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