Right People
2026-02-15 Gemini.Forced Errors/Institutional Imperative/Unforced Errors
Institutional Imperative,表面上看应该是Unforced Errors,但事实上这种人的心理状态在1岁以前就有问题,对现实世界没有基本信任,每次遇到问题的第一反应是回避,回避事实的心理动机是不想重返事故现场(1岁以前的痛苦经历),这种回避是强制性的,不然巴菲特也不会想出这个词:Institutional Imperative,当然,巴菲特自己的心理状态不是这样的,但他所指的Unforced Errors,前提是这个人的心态是正常的,有平常心。 ...
2026-01-30 RanRan.新手村的十年
Refer To:《2026-01-30 RanRan.新手村的十年》。 发这个帖,还是想弱弱地证明一下自己。我以前翻了很多关于投资的东西,最怕的是变成嘴炮。我想做投资,不想当翻译。 对现实世界有基本的信任,面对问题时第一反应是解决问题而不是逃避。 新手村的十年过去了。让业绩说话吧。 这份业绩,我最多给70分。 2016、2017,那是小盘股的春天:明辉、龙记、兴达、胜狮、天工……但赚得最多的是安瑞科。这两年的收益率太高,显然不正常。 ...
2026-01-24 The Hardest Part About Being a Billionaire in California: Proving You Left
Refer To:《The Hardest Part About Being a Billionaire in California: Proving You Left》。 Advisers recommend leaving breadcrumbs, like a ‘we’ve moved’ note on the Christmas card, and you really do have to quit the country club. ...
2025-10-14 Tracy Britt Cool.What I Learned Working With Buffett
Refer To:《2025-10-14 Tracy Britt Cool.What I Learned Working With Buffett》。 INTRODUCTION 引言 SHANE PARRISH: Tracy, welcome to the show. SHANE PARRISH:Tracy,欢迎来到节目。 TRACY BRITT COOL: Thank you. It’s an honor to be here. I appreciate it. TRACY BRITT ...
2025-12-12 ChatGPT.Basic trust/mistrust
问: 有没有心理学家拿Basic trust / mistrust对比左撇子和右撇子,我觉得都是下意识的行为,左撇子用右手写字脑回路要绕好几圈,一个Basic mistrust用Basic trust的方式思考问题感觉也是这样。 ChatGPT: 先给一个“路标版”结论,再慢慢往下拆: • “自动性”这一点: Erikson 的 Basic trust/mistrust + 依恋理论,都在说:早年和主要照料者的互动,会被孩子内化成一种无意识的“世界脚本”—— • 别人通常是可依赖的 / ...
1950 Erik Erikson.Eight Ages of Man
Childhood AND Society 童年与社会 without a promise of fulfillment which from the dominant image of adulthood reaches down into the baby’s beginnings and which, by the tangible evidence of social health, creates at every step of childhood and adolescence ...
2025-11-12 但斌.时间深处的回响:致巴老与价值投资的永恒之光
Refer To:《时间深处的回响:致巴老与价值投资的永恒之光》。 奥马哈的水土滋养了一份穿越时空的投资智慧,如今虽渐行渐远,却在每一个价值追寻者心中种下了永不熄灭的火种。 ——题记 展读巴老那封饱含深情的谢幕信,九十五岁高龄的他宣布将不再撰写伯克希尔年度报告,内心不禁泛起层层涟漪。而这些年在投资路上的求索,让我深刻懂得,每一次告别或许都预示着新的开始。信中的他依然睿智、幽默而充满温情,宛若一位相识多年的师长在炉火旁与你促膝长谈,娓娓道出奥马哈的点点滴滴,却在平实言语间,道破了投资与人生的真谛。 ...
2011-10-11 Steve Yegge.Google Platforms Rant
Refer To:《Stevey's Google Platforms Rant》。 I was at Amazon for about six and a half years, and now I've been at Google for that long. One thing that struck me immediately about the two companies -- an impression that has been reinforced almost daily ...
2025-11-26 Ilya Sutskever.We're moving from the age of scaling to the age of research
Refer To:《Ilya Sutskever – We're moving from the age of scaling to the age of research》。 Transcript 00:00:00 – Explaining model jaggedness 00:00:00 – 讲解模型的“锯齿感” Ilya Sutskever 00:00:00 You know what’s crazy? That all of this is real. ...
2025-11-24 ChatGPT.Reward+Compression
问: Reward负责方向,Compression负责具体的执行工作,对人来说,Reward的方向就两种,一种基于恐惧,一种基于有安全感,在恐惧的方向上,Compression出来的东西都是胡言乱语的东西,因为这个方向根本上就没有可以收敛的地方,就像田渊栋说的首先这些信息是可以泛化的;在有安全感的方向上Compression的机制才能正常发挥。 ChatGPT: 对,你这次这段把结构说得很干净了,其实已经可以当你自己的“最终版定义”用了: reward 负责方向,compression ...
2025-11-25 ChatGPT.评价Geico的商业模式
问: Geico的报告中有两个很重要的定性分析,一是直销;二是只服务特定人群:公务员或者军人,这是都能想明白但做不明白的想法(Simple Idea)。这是CEICO的假设,我认为巴菲特所定义的聪明的假设就是一种泛化,那么普通人,受恐惧影响的reward function看到类似这样的假设会有什么样的心理上的反应? 这个问题的原文:《1953-03 Warren Buffett.Western Insurance Securities Company》。 ChatGPT: ...
2025-11-23 ChatGPT.精准执行的能力层是原创性的假设
你的直觉是对的: “高度压缩”这一层,不论是田渊栋这篇 Li² 框架里讲的 feature emergence / grokking,还是巴菲特式把一公司压缩成几个关键变量,本质上都在证明:大脑/模型有一种“把复杂结构高维信息压成少量有用特征”的能力。 “植物神经”这一层当然是实验上几十年反复确认的。 夹在中间的那层——你叫“精准执行系统”的那一层——在神经科学和心理学里确实有大量证据,但被拆成一堆名词(procedural memory、motor ...
2025-11-18 ChatGPT.巴菲特说的“aha” moment是不是等于人工智能的泛化?
短回答:差不多就是一个东西,但不是完全等号——更精确说,巴菲特的“aha moment”是“从记忆到泛化的跃迁 + 自己意识到这次跃迁”的那个瞬间。AI 的“泛化”是这个跃迁的“客观数学版本”。 ⸻ 1. 为什么说“基本等于”AI 里的泛化? 你自己在 I.H.183 里已经给了一个定义:“‘aha’ moment 就是人工智能里的‘泛化’”,并且强调两点: 产生不简单,要经历大量类似事件; 不神秘,已经可以用数学来表达原理。 田渊栋那篇访谈,把“顿悟 / grokking”直接解释成: ...
2025-10-30 田渊栋.AI“顿悟”的关键,是对优雅的追求?
Refer To:《深度访谈田渊栋:AI“顿悟”的关键,是对优雅的追求?》。 课代表: 10 月 24 号,我有幸采访到了顶尖的 AI 研究员田渊栋博士。在这期采访里面,我们重点聊了田博士关于模型顿悟的最新论文。顿悟可以说是大学模型里面最重要的一个问题,它决定了模型到底是在鹦鹉学舌还是可以有泛化的解决新问题的能力。 田渊栋: 主要的思维是觉得我们就叫 Scaling Law, ...
2018-02-14 Here’s What 1999 Warren Buffett Might Say About the 2018 Stock Market
Refer To:《Here’s What 1999 Warren Buffett Might Say About the 2018 Stock Market》。 Last week’s big selloff isn’t fazing Wall Street’s bulls. In early February, analysts and market strategists from Wells Fargo, Invesco, and UBS, among several others, ...
2017-05-31 Revisiting Buffett’s 1999 Warning: Interest Rates, Orgies, and Value
Refer To:《Revisiting Buffett’s 1999 Warning: Interest Rates, Orgies, and Value》。 Dear Fellow Investors, We thought it would be very helpful to review Warren Buffett’s argument in 19991, the last time there was very high expectations attached to ...
2023-07-05 OpenAI.Introducing Superalignment
Refer To:《Introducing Superalignment》。 We need scientific and technical breakthroughs to steer and control AI systems much smarter than us. To solve this problem within four years, we’re starting a new team, co-led by Ilya Sutskever and Jan Leike, ...
2025-10-03 Jeff Bezos.Italian Tech Week 2025
Refer To:《Jeff Bezos & John Elkann - Italian Tech Week 2025》。 Read the full transcript of Amazon founder Jeff Bezos in conversation with John Elkann, Chairman of Ferrari and Stellantis at Italian Tech Week 2025, Oct 3, 2025. Welcome to Turin 欢迎来到都灵 ...
2023-09-16 Satya Nadella.Why we need re-founders
Refer To:《Why we need re-founders》。 Chapter 1: Do you want to be CEO of Microsoft? 第1章:你想当 Microsoft 的 CEO 吗? SATYA NADELLA: If you’d asked me even the day before or the hour before, I would have said, “Hey, there’s a chance, but I don’t know who was ...
2024-03-13 Satya Nadella.AI, chip shortage, empathy, and poetry
Refer To:《Satya Nadella.AI, chip shortage, empathy, and poetry》。 Nicolai Tangen: Hi there. I’ve just had the most incredible experience of my life, having been allowed to interview Satya Nadella, the CEO of Microsoft, which is now the most valuable ...
1934 证券分析.债券投资的特定筛选标准
IV. 必须引用明确的安全标准 高级债券基本上是采用剔除程序进行挑选,所以适合运用明确的法则与标准来筛除不恰当的证券。 事实上,美国许多州的立法当局都设定这类的法规,藉以管理储蓄银行与信托基金的投资行为。 这些州的立法当局大多规定,银行部门每年都必须准备一份清单,列举符合规定的「合法」证券——换言之,按照法律规定可以购买的证券。 根据我们的看法,明确的标准与最低规定,其根本观念应该延伸到整个纯粹投资(straight investment)的领域——换言之,只着重收益(income)的投资。 ...
2024-05-23 Ben Thompson.Interview with Microsoft CTO Kevin Scott About Building Platforms on AI
Refer To:《Interview with Microsoft CTO Kevin Scott About Building Platforms on AI》。 AI Platform AI 平台 Kevin Scott, welcome back to Stratechery. Kevin Scott,欢迎回到 Stratechery。 KS: Thank you for having me. KS:谢谢邀请我。 So let’s rewind 10 years or so and ...
2024-05-23 Ben Thompson.Interview with Satya Nadella About Aligning Microsoft and AI
Refer To:《Interview with Satya Nadella About Aligning Microsoft and AI》。 Microsoft’s Alignment 微软的一致性 Satya Nadella, welcome back to Stratechery. Satya Nadella,欢迎回到 Stratechery。 SN: Thank you so much, Ben. SN:非常感谢你,Ben。 Although I guess I’m in your ...
1934 证券分析.固定价值投资的筛选-第II与第III原则
II.在经济萧条的基础上,评估债券的购买价值 健全投资必须禁得起恶劣环境的考验,这项法则的必要性非常明显,应该称得上是自明之理。 在理想的市况下,任何债券的表现通常都不错;唯有在经济萧条的酸性测试之下,健全债券胜过弱质债券的优势才会显现出来,而且变得非常重要。 基于这个缘故,谨慎投资人永远应该挑选老牌绩优企业的债务工具,因为这些公司实际渡过艰困的环境。 建立在产业本质或企业保障程度上的安全性。 债券有能力渡过恶劣环境的考验,这种信心可能建立在两种不同的基础上。 ...
1934 证券分析.投资与投机的差异
每个人大体上都知道投资与投机之间的差别,但如果尝试提出明确的定义,恐怕就会碰到一些困难。 事实上,市场甚至流传一种尖酸的说法:成功的投机就是投资,不成功的投资就是投机。 美国政府证券被公认属于投资工具,一些不发放股利、没有盈余或不具备有形资产的公司普通股(例如:1933年的RCA),显然属于投机工具。 可是,就算是美国政府债券也可能从事投机行为(例如:投机客买进大量债券而预期价格上涨); 反之,1929年的RCA普通股被公认为投资工具,因为主要的「投资信托基金」都把这支股票纳入投资组合内。 ...
1934 证券分析.资料来源
我们显然不可能讨论或列举分析师在各种情况下可能查询的所有数据来源。 本章只准备简单介绍一些较重要的来源,并且提出一些评论;另外,我们也尝试透过例子说明各种特定数据管道的性质与功能。 严券契约内容的资料 正常情况下,我们假定分析师会寻找下列主题的资料:(a)特定证券的契约内容,(b)发行公司,(c)所属产业。 关于证券契约的摘要内容,可以参考证券手册或统计服务机构的报告。 至于债券契约的详细内容,分析师应该参考债券契约(indenture或信托契约[deed of ...
1934 证券分析.分析程序的基本要素-质与量的因子
前一章由分析功能的角度讨一些观念与内容。 现在,假定一位分析师正在处理某个问题,他探用的方法应该考量哪些因子,对于所处理的各种数据应该探取什应态度? 四个基本要素 证券分析的目的是回答或协助回答某些非常实际的问题。 在这些问题中,最经常碰到的可能是:在某特定情况下,应该买进哪种证券? 证券 应该买进、卖出或继续持有? 这些问题都直接或间接的涵盖四个主要因子,包括: 1.证券 2.价格 3.时间 4.人 前述的第二个问题可以更完整的表示为: ...
1934 证券分析.证券分析的范畴与极限-内含价值的观念
「分析」是根据公认的原理与逻辑而进行推演的程序,谨慎研究既有的事实,尝试取得结论。 这是科学方法的一部分。 可是,把分析程序套用于证券领域内,显然存在障碍,因为投资并不属于严格的科学。 不过,法律与医学的情况也是如此,这些方面的成败也取决于一些个人技巧(艺术)与机缘的成分。 虽说如此,在这些专业领域之内,分析不仅是一种有用的程序,而且不可或缺;相同的结论也适用于投资,甚至投机也可能是如此。 过去30年之间,证券分析的地位可以说是由绚烂而暴落——这段过程对应而不全然关联股价的走势。 ...
1934 证券分析.导论-近期金融发展对于投资人与投机客的启示
1927- 1933期间的行情特质。 发生于1927年到1933年之间的经济事件,不代表大家所熟悉的景气与股票循环现象。 随意浏览1897年以来的道工业指数(请参考图A),就可以发现史无前例的涨势与随后的崩跌走势。 它们看起来不同于过去的正常波浪起伏,这显然是由某些特殊原因所造成的结果。 如果我们打算探讨金融市场的原理或方法,首先必须承认最近经验所反映的一些独特性质,并且处理这些经验所凸显的许多新问题。 为了方便于处理,我们可以将这些问题归纳为下列四个相关的类别: 1、投机行为。 2、投资于: ...
2012-04-13 Jeff Bezos’s Letters to Amazon Shareholders
Refer To:《2012-04-13 Jeff Bezos’s Letters to Amazon Shareholders》。 To our shareowners: The Power of Invention 发明的力量 “To us, the value of Amazon Web Services is undeniable – in twenty seconds, we can double our server capacity. In a high-growth ...
2020-12-08 Thomas Peterffy.Goldman Sachs U.S. Financial Services Virtual Conference 2020
William Nance Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. Okay. So joining us today, we're pleased to have Thomas Peterffy, Chairman of Interactive Brokers. Thomas founded Interactive Brokers in 1977, and it was one of the pioneers of the financial services industry, ...
2021-06-09 Thomas Peterffy.Piper Sandler Global Exchange and Financial Technology Virtual Conference
Richard Repetto Piper Sandler & Co. [Audio Gap] The full program set up today. To start off with, we have Chairman of Interactive Brokers, Thomas Peterffy. He founded Interactive Brokers in 1977. He’s really renowned for bringing automation to the ...
2021-11-09 Thomas Peterffy.Bank of America 2021 Banking and Financial Services Conference
Craig Siegenthaler Good morning, everyone, and sorry for the late start. This is Craig Siegenthaler from Bank of America, and it’s my pleasure to introduce Thomas Peterffy. Thomas is the Founder and Chairman of Interactive Brokers, and he founded the ...
2018-12-04 James Dimon.Goldman Sachs U.S. Financial Services Conference 2018
Unknown Analyst Okay. So we’re delighted to have Jamie Dimon with us this morning. Jamie is now in his 12th year as CEO and Chairman of JPMorgan. Since the merger with Bank One, JPMorgan has outperformed the market by almost 100% and has distributed ...
2013-04-12 Jeff Bezos’s Letters to Amazon Shareholders
Refer To:《2013-04-12 Jeff Bezos’s Letters to Amazon Shareholders》。 To our shareowners: As regular readers of this letter will know, our energy at Amazon comes from the desire to impress customers rather than the zeal to best competitors. We don’t ...
2021-12-02 Thomas Peterffy.Nasdaq 45th Investor Conference
Karen Snow Nasdaq, Inc. Good morning and good afternoon, everyone. I'm Karen Snow, Head of East Coast Listings and Capital Services here at NASDAQ, and I'm pleased to be here today with Thomas Peterffy, who's the Founder and Chairman of Interactive ...
2021-12-07 Thomas Peterffy.Goldman Sachs 2021 US Financial Services Conference
William Nance Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. All right. So joining us today, we've got Thomas Peterffy, Chairman of Interactive Brokers. Thomas founded Interactive Brokers in 1977. It was one of the pioneers of the financial services industry and ...
2025-07-15 Jason Wei.Asymmetry of verification and verifier’s law
Refer To:《Asymmetry of verification and verifier’s law》。 Asymmetry of verification is the idea that some tasks are much easier to verify than to solve. With reinforcement learning (RL) that finally works in a general sense, asymmetry of verification ...
2025-07-16 Jason Wei.Life lessons from reinforcement learning
Refer To:《Life lessons from reinforcement learning》。 Becoming an RL diehard in the past year and thinking about RL for most of my waking hours inadvertently taught me an important lesson about how to live my own life. ...
2022-06-08 Thomas Peterffy.Piper Sandler Global Exchange & FinTech Conference
Richard Repetto Piper Sandler & Co. Welcome, everybody, to Piper Sandler's Global Exchange and FinTech Conference. This is the 18th year that we've been having this conference. It's great to be back after a 2-year hiatus, and it's great to see New ...
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